国际学术期刊
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国际学术期刊
Travel behaviors, sustainable mobility, and transit-oriented developments: a travel counts analysis of older adults in the Denver, Colorado metropolitan area
发布时间:2013-11-2815:44:56来源:作者:E. Eric Boschmann, Sylvia A. Brady点击量:1911   

E. Eric Boschmann
Sylvia A. Brady
 Department of Geography and the Environment, University of Denver, 2050 E. Iliff Ave., Denver, CO 80208, USA


Highlights


•Older adult travel behaviors are examined in the Denver, Colorado metropolitan area.
•Trip frequency and mean distances decline with age, but the factors vary.
•Different age cohorts show heterogeneity in travel behaviors.
•Older adults living in transit-oriented developments have different travel behaviors.
•Residing in a TOD may lead to more walking and shorter car trips, than increased transit use.



Keywords
Older adults; Aging; Travel behaviors; Sustainability; Transit oriented development; Denver


Abstract
As older adults become a larger portion of the U.S. population, new research examines the changing travel behaviors and needs of older adults in cities, especially in light of aging in place and active aging trends. Using descriptive statistics and regression models, this paper analyzes the trips, distances, mode choices, trip purposes, and time of day travel characteristics for older adults. It provides empirical evidence of basic travel behaviors and needs of older adults, examines heterogeneous characteristics between four different age groups, and focuses on sustainable mobilities, particularly the influence of transit-oriented developments. The data come from a 2009 travel-counts survey of the Denver, Colorado, (U.S.) metropolitan area, and include 4268 adults aged 60 and over, and 15,678 total trip activities. Consistent with existing research, total trips and mean distances decline with age, and mode of travel shifts away from car-driver. Each age group exhibits unique behaviors. For instance, the 75 to 84-year-old group is most mobile by car, and least by walking or transit. The models reveal that factors relating to changes in travel behaviors are quite complex, suggesting the need for research that examines lifestyle clusters more so than age and age groups.



Article Outline
1. Introduction
2. Study area and data set
2.1. The Denver metropolitan area
2.2. The travel counts survey data

3. Descriptive analysis of travel behavior
3.1. Trip generation and distance
3.2. Trip mode
3.3. Trip distribution
3.4. Time of day
3.5. Transit-oriented development

4. Models of older adult travel behaviors
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References



Figures
   

Fig. 1.

Study area map.


Fig. 2.

Trip generation and distances chart.


Fig. 3.

Trip generation by time of day.


Fig. 4.

Trip generation and distances by transit oriented development.


Fig. 5.

New affordable senior housing construction at one Denver light rail station.


Tables

Table 1. Survey sample travel behavior data summary, by age group.

Table 2. Household characteristics of age 60 and over sample.

Table 3. Travel mode percentages, by age group and gender.

Table 4. Trip distribution, by age group.

Table 5. Mean trip distances by purpose, among older adults aged 65 and over.

Table 6. Transit oriented development (TOD).

Table 7. Variables for regression models of older adult travel behaviors.

Table 8. Logistic and OLS regression models of older adults’ travel behaviors.