国际学术期刊
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国际学术期刊
Intelligent Speed Adaptation and driving speed: Effects of different system HMI functionalities
发布时间:2014-4-1816:34:13来源:作者:Ioanna K. Spyropoulou, Matthew G. Karlaftis, Nick Reed点击量:1752   

Ioanna K. Spyropouloua,
Matthew G. Karlaftisb,
Nick Reedc



Highlights


•We investigate the effect of Intelligent Speed Adaptation on speed using a simulator.
•Three distinct system functionalities are used: informative, warning and intervening.
•Aggregate and disaggregate analysis on drivers’ maximum and mean speed is performed.
•Investigated metrics include speeding frequency and magnitude and the ECDF of speed.
•Warning and intervening ISA reduce speeding, but increase specific speed attributes.



Keywords
Speed; Intelligent Speed Adaptation; Human machine interface; Simulator; Intelligent transport systems; Driver behaviour



Abstract
In this paper we study driver behaviour changes when driving vehicles equipped with Intelligent Speed Adaptation (ISA) systems. The primary tool used is a driving simulator. Three different ISA human machine interface functionalities are investigated: informative, warning, and intervening. Data were extracted from the simulator along with questionnaires completed by drivers following each drive. Possible impacts of system functionalities on driver behaviour are studied through appropriate metrics including driving speed, speed deviation, frequency and magnitude of speeding and the empirical cumulative distribution function of speeding. Perceived impacts on drivers are investigated to identify driver attitudes towards the systems as well as possible relations between anticipated and measured behaviour. The study indicates that use of ISA systems, in general, results in the adoption of vehicle speeds that are likely to improve road safety. However, we also found that drivers may misuse ISA systems, potentially resulting in negative road safety effects.



Article Outline
1. Introduction
2. Experimental design
2.1. ISA operation
2.2. Trial drives
2.3. Participant recruitment
2.4. Trial procedure

3. Results – driving simulator data
3.1. Driving speed indicators under different ISA functionalities – aggregate analysis
3.2. Driving speed indicators under different ISA functionalities – disaggregate analysis
3.3. Speeding frequency
3.4. Speeding magnitude
3.5. Speed percentiles

4. Subjective data – driver attitudes towards ISA
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References



Figures
   

Fig. 1.

The DigiCar driving simulator at TRL.


Fig. 2.

Three different information messages provided by the informative ISA.


Fig. 3.

Empirical cumulative distribution function of speed (the circles on each line indicate the position of the 85th percentile).



Tables
   
Table 1. Participant characteristics.

Table 2. Maximum driving speed (mph).

Table 3. Average driving speed (mph).

Table 4. Standard deviation of speed (mph).

Table 5. Change in maximum driving speed as a result of the different ISA functionalities (number of drivers (%)).

Table 6. Change in mean driving speed as a result of the different ISA functionalities (number of drivers (%)).

Table 7. Proportion of time driven over and at the posted speed limit (%).

Table 8. Integral of driving speed and posted speed limit (mphs).

Table 9. Perceived usefulness and satisfaction.

Table 10. Driver perceptions on the impact of the systems on speed and road safety.