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《城市交通》杂志
2011年 第1期
当前城市交通政策若干思考
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文章编号:1672-5328(2011)01-0007-05

李晓江
(中国城市规划设计研究院,北京 100044)

摘要:城市交通问题已不仅是建设问题,而更多的是政策问题。首先通过分析典型城市交通政策案例,指出不能滥用交通政策,要注意政策的协调性。然后从交通系统的组成要素人、车、路入手,从需求与供给层面阐述了制定城市交通政策的影响因素。接着,从经济性政策和非经济性政策两个方面分析了如何限制私人机动交通,并对当前针对私人小汽车、出租汽车、轨道交通、公共汽(电)车以及非机动交通所采用的城市交通政策进行评价。最后强调,城市交通政策应该兼顾公平与效率,并使交通系统的负外部性最小化,对低外部性的交通方式应给予鼓励和保护。

关键词:城市交通;政策;税费;私人机动交通;公共交通;非机动交通

中图分类号:TU984.191

文献标识码:A

Thoughts on Urban Transportation Policy

LI Xiao-jiang
(China Academy of Urban Planning & Design, Beijing 100044)

Abstract:The key issue in urban traffic is no longer on construction: it is the development policy. By analyzing typical cases on urban transportation policy, this paper indicates that transportation policy should be made carefully in coordination with social resources. Concerning on the components of transportation system such as pedestrians, vehicles, and road, the paper introduces the influencing factors on the urban transportation policy with consideration of traffic demand and supply. The paper analyzes the economic and non-economic policy to restrict the development of private motorized traffic, and reviews current urban transportation policies in several aspects: private cars, taxi, rail transit, buses, and non-motorized traffic. Focusing on equity and efficiency in urban transportation policy making, the paper urges to minimize the negative externality of transportation system and provide financial subsidies on individual travel with low external costs.

Keywords:urban transportation; policy; taxes; private motorized traffic; public transportation; non-motorized traffic