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《城市交通》杂志
2015年 第2期
考虑空驶距离的出租汽车空气污染排放模型
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文章编号: 1672-5328(2015)02-0072-06

王健1,池利兵1, 2,胡晓伟1
(1.哈尔滨工业大学交通科学与工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090;2.中国城市规划设计研究院,北京100037)

摘要: 为合理、准确量化空驶状态下出租汽车空气污染排放总量及比例,基于深圳市出租汽车GPS 数据,构建考虑空驶距离的出租汽车空气污染排放模型。经过数据筛选,以深圳市3 198 辆出租汽 车为分析对象,识别出租汽车空驶和载客状态,进而计算载客距离和空驶距离。结合已有的三类出 租汽车空气污染排放模型,考虑出租汽车空驶距离分别构建改进模型。参考已有研究成果设定空气 污染排放因子,计算得到三类模型对应的空驶过程中出租汽车空气污染排放量占各自污染排放总量 的比例分别为25.4%,34.2%和18.9%。最后,从排放因子、行驶距离、燃油经济性等方面探讨出租 汽车空气污染减排策略。

关键词: 出租汽车;空气污染;排放模型;空驶距离;GPS数据

中图分类号: U491

文献标识码:A

Empty Driving Distance-based Taxicab Emission Model

Wang Jian1, Chi Libing1, 2, Hu Xiaowei1
(1.School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin Heilongjiang 150090, China; 2.China Academy of Urban Planning & Design, Beijing 100037, China)

Abstract: To effectively measure the total amount and proportion of taxicab emissions considering empty driving, this paper develops an empty driving distance-based taxicab emission model based on taxi GPS data in Shenzhen. Targeting at 3,198 taxicabs in Shenzhen through data filtering, this paper recognizes taxies driving with or without passengers and calculate their driving distances. Based on the existing three types of taxicab emission models, the paper makes improvement separately with the empty driving distance taken into consideration. By selecting emission factors based on existing research, the paper estimates the proportions of taxicab emissions under empty driving to be 25.4%, 34.2% and 18.9% in total pollution emissions with the three models, respectively. Finally, the paper discusses strategies for taxicab emissions reduction in different aspects including emissions factor, driving distance, fuel economy, and etc.

Keywords: taxi; air pollution; emission model; empty driving distance; GPS data