文章编号： 1672-5328（2016）02-0083-14

Elliot Fishman1，Christopher Cherry2 著，秦维3 译
(1.智慧交通研究所，澳大利亚墨尔本维多利亚3078；2.田纳西大学公共环境工程系，美国诺克斯维尔37996- 2313；3.中国城市规划设计研究院，北京100037)

摘要： 电动自行车是交通市场增长最快的领域之一，2012 年总销售量超过3 100 万辆。相关研究的 数量不断上升，鉴于此，对过去蓬勃发展的与电动自行车最相关的主题进行综合分析。将研究重点 放在电动自行车交通及需要注意的最关键的研究缺口方面，而非休闲娱乐。中国的电动自行车销量 在世界占领先地位，荷兰、德国紧随其后。电动自行车能够以较少能耗保持一定速度，也有研究发 现电动自行车能增加自行车使用率。电动自行车有潜力取代传统机动交通方式(内燃式)，但在取代 传统自行车方面所扮演的角色仍存在争议。电动自行车不仅有益身体健康，并且相同行驶里程下， 碳排放水平显著低于小汽车。在某些地区，安全问题上升到政策层面，目前电动自行车的数量已经 足以搜集到丰富的安全数据。尽管如此，关于电动自行车的研究目前仍处于萌芽阶段。随着电动自 行车数量的不断上升，为了向政策制定者以及整个行业提供必要的数据，相关领域的进一步研究需 求也日益增长。

关键词： 城市交通；电动自行车；综述；出行行为；健康；环境；安全

中图分类号： U484

文献标识码：A

E-bikes in the Mainstream: Reviewing a Decade of Research

E-bikes in the Mainstream: Reviewing a Decade of Research
(1.Institute for Sensible Transport, Melbourne Victoria 3078, Australia; 2.Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, TN 37996-2313, USA; 3.China Academy of Urban Planning & Design, Beijing 100037, China)

Abstract： Electric bicycles (e-bikes) represent one of the fastest growing segments of the transport market. Over 31 million e-bikes were sold in 2012. Research has followed this growth and this paper provides a synthesis of the most pertinent themes emerging over the past on the burgeoning topic of e-bikes. The focus is transport rather than recreational e-bike research, as well as the most critical research gaps requiring attention. China leads the world in e- bike sales, followed by the Netherlands and Germany. E-bikes can maintain speed with less effort. E-bikes are found to increase bicycle usage. E-bikes have the potential to displace conventional motorised (internal combustion) modes, but there are open questions about their role in displacing traditional bicycles. E-bikes have been shown to provide health benefits and an order of magnitude less carbon dioxide than a car travelling the same distance. Safety issues have emerged as a policy issue in several jurisdictions and e-bike numbers are now approaching levels in which adequate safety data are able to be collected. Research on e-bikes is still in its infancy. As e-bike usage continues to grow, so too will theneed for further research, in order to provide the necessary data to inform policy-makers and industry.

Keywords： urban transportation; E-bikes; review; travel behaviour; health; environment; safety