文章编号： 1672-5328（2016）04-0064-06

刘锴1，李昂2，孙小慧3
(1.大连理工大学交通运输学院，辽宁大连116024；2.中国城市规划设计研究院，北京100037；3.名古屋大学土 木环境工程学院，日本名古屋4848603)

摘要： 快速充电站的布局优化需同时考虑因电动汽车续驶里程短、充电时间长等特性引起的不确定 性决策问题以及长期建设过程中的连续性优化问题。由此，建立基于仿真的满足总绕行时间最短的 电动汽车充电站动态布局优化模型。考虑建设时序的连续性需求，提出基于逐步优化和比较备选方 案服务能力的连续性优化方法。通过实证分析探讨模型的优化布局特征和适用性。结果表明，在案 例路网中应用该方法可以得到连续性较好的布局，可为快速充电站分期建设提供规划决策依据。随 着充电站数量的增加，布局方案既覆盖了需求产生和通过量最大的几个节点，也缓解了因充电需求 大量聚集而选择备选充电站的绕行问题。

关键词： 交通规划；电动汽车；充电站；仿真优化模型；布局连续性；建设时序

中图分类号： U491

文献标识码：A

Optimizing Spatial Distribution of EV Charging Stations

Liu Kai1, Li Ang2, Sun Xiaohui3
(1.School of Transportation and Logistics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian Liaoning 116024, China; 2.China Academy of Urban Planning & Design, Beijing 100037, China; 3. Department of Civil Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 4648603, Japan)

Abstract： Determining the distribution of EV charging stations must consider the uncertainties in electric vehicle short driving range and long charging time as well as the long-term sustainable planning for electric vehicle growth. A simulation-based dynamic layout model is developed for minimizing EV searching time for charging station. Considering construction continuity in time and space, this paper proposes a continuous step-by-step optimization method that compares alternative layout plans based on the service capability under different scenarios. The characteristics and applicability of proposed model is discussed through case study. The results show that a high continuity for charging station distribution at network level is achieved with the optimized method, which can help to plan the construction of charge stations in stages. With increasing number of charging stations, the optimized scheme can both cover the nodes with largest charging demands and minimize EV travel time in looking for available charging stations.

Keywords： transportation planning; electric vehicles; simulation- optimization model; charging stations; continuous distribution; time scheduling of construction