文章编号： 1672-5328（2016）05-0083-14

Robert Cervero1, Olga L. Sarmiento2, Enrique Jacoby3, Luis Fernando Gomez4, Andrea Neiman5 著耿雪6 译
(1.加州大学伯克利分校城市和区域规划系，美国加利福尼亚州伯克利94720；2.安第斯大学医学院，哥伦比亚 波哥大111711；3.泛美卫生组织，美国华盛顿特区20037；4.艾伯特基金会哥伦比亚协调办公室，哥伦比亚波 哥大111311；5.伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校公共卫生学院，美国伊利诺伊州芝加哥60607；6.中国城市规划设计 研究院，北京100037)

摘要： 哥伦比亚波哥大以可持续的城市交通系统闻名，包括其密集的自行车道网络以及Ciclovía 系 统——为骑车者和行人预留的道路空间，可在星期日和节假日休闲出行使用。探讨此类设施以及建 成环境的其他属性——城市密度、混合用地、可达性以及与公共交通车站的距离——如何影响步行 和自行车出行行为以及Ciclovía 的使用。结果表明，道路设施设计要素例如道路密度、连通性、与 Ciclovía 车道的距离，与体力活动相关；而建成环境的其他属性如密度和用地混合程度，对体力活 动影响甚微。这可能是由于波哥大建成区的大部分街区均在非机动交通出行占绝对优势的时期演变 发展——紧凑、用地混合、交通可达性水平相似。由此可见，影响非机动交通出行的因素是设施设 计而非一般的街区用地属性。

关键词： 建成环境；自行车出行；健康；体力活动；公共交通；步行

中图分类号： U491

文献标识码：A

Influences of Built Environments on Walking and Cycling: Lessons from Bogotá

Written by Robert Cervero1, Olga L. Sarmiento2, Enrique Jacoby3, Luis Fernando Gomez4, Andrea Neiman5, Translated by Geng Xue6
(1.Department of City and Regional Planning, University of California, Berkeley CA 94720, USA; 2.Faculty of Medicine, University of Los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; 3.Pan-American Health Organization, Washington DC 20037, USA; 4.Foundacion FES Social, Bogotá 111311, Colombia; 5.School of Public Health, University of Illinois, Chicago IL 60607, USA; 6.China Academy of Urban Planning & Design, Beijing 100037, China)

Abstract： Bogotá, Colombia, is well known for its sustainable urban transport systems, including an extensive network of bike lanes and set-aside street space for recreational cyclists and pedestrians on Sundays and holidays, called Ciclovía (“cycleway”). This paper examines how such facilities along with other attributes of the built environment—urban densities, land-use mixes, accessibility, and proximity to transit— are associated with walking and cycling behavior as well as Ciclovía participation. We find that whereas road facility designs, like street density, connectivity, and proximity to Ciclovía lanes, are associated with physical activity, other attributes of the built environment, like density and land-use mixtures, are not. This is likely because most neighborhoods in built-up sections of Bogotá evolved during a time when non-automobile travel reigned supreme, meaning they are uniformly compact, mixed in their land-use composition, and have comparable levels of transport accessibility. Thus facility designs are what sway nonmotorized travel, not generic land-use attributes of neighborhoods.

Keywords： built environment; cycling; health; physical activity; transit; walking