文章编号： 1672-5328（2017）04-0010-08

孔令斌
(中国城市规划设计研究院，北京100037)

摘要： 城市交通大多从城市人口平均特征出发进行研究。然而在市场的作用下，受收入、职业等因 素的影响，不同社会阶层在城市空间中的居住和就业选址(城市的社会空间)存在差异。这是改善公 共交通服务、缓解交通拥堵等很多大城市交通问题的根源之一。从中国快速城镇化过程中大城市新 增人口和中低收入人口的居住空间分布入手，分析大城市通勤出行距离快速增长导致的交通拥堵、 公共交通服务水平提高困难等大城市交通问题的成因。提出大城市空间应基于分区模式构建多中心 的城市空间，并提出对应的交通系统，实现大城市交通低碳和公平的目标。

关键词： 大城市；交通问题；社会空间；城市空间；通勤出行；出行距离

中图分类号： U491.1+2

文献标识码：A

Spatial Analysis and Countermeasures of Transportation Problems in Large Metropolitan Areas in China

Kong Lingbin
(China Academy of Urban Planning & Design, Beijing 100037, China)

Abstract： Most of the urban transportation researches are conducted based on the average characteristics of urban population. However, under the market influence, there are differences in selecting residence and job locations (urban social space) among people with different income and occupation, which must be considered in solving transportation problems in large metropolitan areas. The solutions should improve public transportation services and alleviate traffic congestion. Based on the spatial distribution of new population and population with low-medium income groups in large metropolitan areas during rapid urbanization, this paper analyzes the causes of transportation problems in large metropolitan areas such as traffic congestion and difficulties of improving the level of service of public transit with the increase of commuting travel distance. To achieve low-carbon and equality of transportation in large metropolitan areas, the paper points out that it is necessary to develop multi-central urban space and corresponding transportation system based on the zoning concept.

Keywords： large metropolitan areas; transportation problems; social space; urban space; commuting travel; travel distance