文章编号： 1672-5328（2018）02-0010-09

刘贤腾1，陈雪明2，周江评3
(1.上海市城市规划设计研究院，上海200040；2.西交利物浦大学，江苏苏州215123；3.香港大学，香港 999077)

摘要： 过剩通勤已是一个专门用于研究城市就业-居住空间对应关系及评估通勤效率的研究范式。 回顾该范式30 多年的建立与发展过程，指出相关概念及其指标在评价城市通勤效率时存在的优缺 点。将Bertaud 的城市通勤模式及其空间结构置于Brotchie 三角形模型中，讨论就业-居住空间分散 形态嬗变带来的通勤模式的多种演变方向，厘清过剩通勤框架在评估城市职住平衡程度与通勤效率 时所具有的潜力。过剩通勤框架为研究城市空间形态嬗变和评估空间结构优化程度提供了非常重要 的理论工具。

关键词： 就业-居住空间关系；过剩通勤；通勤效率；城市形态与结构

中图分类号： U491.1+2

文献标识码：A

Study on Jobs-Housing Spatial Relationship and Commuting Efficiency: Evaluation Potential of Excess Commuting

Liu Xianteng1, Chen Xueming2, Zhou Jiangping3
(1.Shanghai Urban and Planning and Design Research Institute, Shanghai 200040, China; 2.Xi'an Jiaotong- Liverpool University, Suzhou Jiangsu 215123, China; 3.University of Hongkong, Hongkong 999077, China)

Abstract： Excess commuting is an analytical framework for assessing the jobs-housing spatial relationship and commuting efficiency. This paper first reviews the origin and evolution of the concept of excess commuting in the past three decades, then highlights its strengths and weaknesses when applied to evaluate commuting efficiency. By placing Bertaud's commuting model and its spatial structure in Brothie's Triangle Model, the paper discusses various evolution directions caused by the change of jobs-housing spatial relationship. The paper also analyzes the potentials of excess commuting in assessing urban jobs-housing balance and commuting efficiency. The paper concludes that the excess commuting framework is an important analysis tool for studying the transformation of urban spatial form and evaluating the optimization of spatial structure.

Keywords： jobs- housing spatial relationship; excess commuting; commuting efficiency; urban form and structure