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《城市交通》杂志
2020年 第2期
日本京都市步行城市建设经验与启示
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文章编号: 1672-5328(2020)02-0083-09

毛海虓,商静,张毅
(中国城市规划设计研究院,北京100037)

摘要: 日本京都市拥有良好的绿色出行传统,政府层面高度重视公共交通和步行交通建设。2010 年,京都市发布《“步行城市·京都”宪章》和《“步行城市·京都”综合交通战略》,旗帜鲜明地 宣布要打造步行城市,并着力从城市建设、交通模式转型等多个方面予以实质性推动。京都市建设 步行城市的主要特点包括:社会价值引导与政府建设计划并重;空间、生活、交通三个维度协同共 建理念;以示范项目带动政策整体推进的实施方式;长效运转的体制机制是建设成功的根本保障。 京都市的成功经验包括:拥有可步行的道路网络本底;拥有民意支持的社会基础;以严谨的方案论 证与周详的方案设计为技术保证;注重多模式协同;物质与社会建设并重;建立健全公众参与程序 作为制度保障。京都市的成功经验可以为中国城市以人为本的规划管理提供借鉴,尤其是以步行化 为抓手实现城市功能再造和交通模式转型。

关键词: 交通政策;步行城市;公共交通;社会治理;日本京都

中图分类号: U491.1+2

文献标识码:A

Experience and Enlightenment of Kyoto, Japan in the Construction of Pedestrian-Friendly City

Mao Haixiao, Shang Jing, Zhang Yi
(China Academy of Urban Planning & Design, Beijing 100037, China)

Abstract: Kyoto has a good tradition of green travel in Japan, and the government attaches great importance to the construction of public transportation and pedestrian system. Kyoto released “Walking City, Kyoto”Charter and“Walking City, Kyoto” Comprehensive Transportation Strategy in 2010, which actively announced the need to build a pedestrian-friendly city. The city strived to prompt the urban construction, travel mode transformation and other aspects. The main characteristics of Kyoto's pedestrian-friendly city include: attaching equal attention to social value guidance and the government's construction plan, coordinated development of space, life and transportation, comprehensively promoting the overall policy with demonstration projects, and developing a dynamic long-term system and mechanism. The experience of Kyoto includes: having a walkable road network background, having a social foundation supported by public opinion, taking rigorous scheme demonstration and detailed program design as technical guarantee, paying attention to multi-mode collaboration, attaching equal importance to both material and social construction, and establishing and improving the public participation process as system guarantee. These experiences can be used as reference for the planning and management of people-oriented cities in China, especially for the reconstruction of urban functionalities and the transformation of travel mode by walking.

Keywords: transportation policies; pedestrian-friendly city; public transportation; social governance; Kyoto; Japan