文章编号： 1672-5328（2020）02-0100-10

耿雪，张斯阳，张宇，王海英
(中国城市规划设计研究院，北京100037)

摘要： 在城市经历了过度依赖小汽车带来的交通拥堵、空气污染等负面效应后，全球许多国家和地 区正在积极探索适合本地区的无车发展路径和措施。伦敦大学学院劳伊德·赖特提出的无车发展图 谱，从有限的示范实验到长期的绝对禁用，体现了城市对小汽车使用的不同限制程度。分别从小汽 车瘦身、无车活动、街区改造、无车城市四个方面分析无车发展特征。阐述中国台北、丹麦哥本哈 根、西班牙马德里、比利时布鲁塞尔等城市在无车日活动、步行街区改造、小汽车限制区等方面的 实践经验及成效。最后指出，无车发展需要转变理念和强有力的政策支持。

关键词： 无车发展；街区改造；交通稳静化；无车日活动；步行街

中图分类号： U491.1+2

文献标识码：A

Car-Free Development and Practice

Geng Xue, Zhang Siyang, Zhang Yu,Wang Haiying
(China Academy of Urban Planning & Design, Beijing 100037, China)

Abstract： Frustrated by traffic congestion and air pollution caused by overdependence on automobiles, many countries and regions around the world are actively exploring car- free development strategies and measures that tailor to the individual cases. The car-free development spectrum proposed by Lloyd Wright of University College London reflects the different limits of car use from a few demonstration experiments to long-term absolute bans. This paper analyzes the characteristics of car free in four aspects: car-lite, carfree events, street and community renovation, and car-free city. The paper elaborates the practical experience and achievements of Taipei (China), Copenhagen (Denmark), Madrid (Spain), Brussels (Belgium) and other cities in car-free day events, pedestrian street renovation, car restricted areas, and etc. Finally, the paper pointed out that car-free development requires the changing mindset and strong policy support.

Keywords： car free development; street and community renovation; traffic calming; car-free event; pedestrian streets