文章编号： 1672-5328（2020）05-0036-09

甘田1，刘鼎1, 2, 3
(1. 上海海事大学交通运输学院，上海201306；2. 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)，广东深圳518055；3. 深圳市综合交通 设计研究院有限公司，广东深圳518003)

摘要： 随着城市规模不断扩大，低密度、蔓延式发展导致职住分离并诱发交通拥堵等大城市病。以 重庆市主城区为例，基于手机信令数据对通勤特征和通勤网络结构特征进行分析。首先，通过手机 信令数据提取职住信息，分析就业人员的职住空间分布和通勤距离分布特征。其次，基于通勤流量 矩阵构建出行网络，探究节点的度和强度分布，以及中心节点的空间分布模式。最后，采用社区发 现方法划分通勤流量网络、识别社区结构。研究发现，城市中心和成熟的城市副中心呈现就业岗位 的高度集聚，就业人员的居住空间相对分散；通勤出行以短距离为主，便利的轨道交通和职住比例 失衡是长距离通勤产生的原因；节点的度和强度分布存在不均匀性，并且两者存在相关性，中心节 点的聚集给中心区域造成较大的交通压力；社区结构与城市组团结构存在相似性，社区内部的职住 关系相对平衡，外部通勤流量主要流入中心区域。

关键词： 职住空间关系；通勤交通；手机信令数据；网络分析；社区结构；重庆市

中图分类号： U491

文献标识码：A

Job- Housing Spatial Distribution Based on Cell Phone Data: Taking the Main Urban Area of Chongqing as an Example

Gan Tian1, Liu Ding1, 2, 3
(1.College of Transport & Communications, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China; 2. Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China; 3.Shenzhen Transportation Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518003, China)

Abstract： With the continuous expansion of urban development, low density and sprawling development lead to the separation of residence and work place, and induces traffic congestion and other urban diseases. Taking the main urban area of Chongqing as an example, this paper analyzes the commuting characteristics and commuting network structure based on cellular signaling data. Based on the commuting information in cellular signaling data, the paper analyzes the spatial distribution and commuting distance distribution of employees. Secondly, the travel network is developed based on the commuting flow matrix to discuss the degree and intensity distribution of nodes and the spatial distribution of central nodes. Finally, the community discovery method is used to divide the commuting travel network and identify community structure. The results show that the urban center and developed sub-centers represent a high concentration of employments, and the living locations of employees are evenly scattered, commuting is mainly short-distance, and high-accessible rail transit and imbalanced job-housing are the main cause of long-distance commuting; the degree and intensity distribution of nodes are uneven, where remains an correlation between them. The aggregation of central nodes will generate great traffic pressure in central area. There remains similarities between community structure and urban groups structure and the relationship between work and residence in the community is relatively self-balanced when the external commuting travel are concentrated into the metropolitan area.

Keywords： job- housing spatial distribution; commuting travel; cellular signaling data; network analysis; community structure; Chongqing