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《城市交通》杂志
2008年 第2期
城市交通规划模型的探讨
点击量:6332

文章编号:1672-5328(2008)02-0087-05

杨齐1 霍华德·斯莱威1 沈青2
(1. Caliper 公司,美国麻州牛顿市 MA 02461;2. 马里兰大学建筑与规划学院,美国马里兰州学院城 MD 20742)

摘要:通过对中美两国城市交通模型的现状和发展的比较。首先回顾了美国在交通规划模型实践中的经验和存在的问题,并分析了中国交通问题的特征,及其交通模型的选择和数据采集方面的优势,主张中国在模型的开发和应用上,不应该局限于西方国家的实践经验,而应当大胆创新。其次,认为交通规划模型的研发,应该从提高预测能力和增强分析能力两个层面入手。当前一项紧迫的任务是由国家交通运输部组织专家工作组,对不同的模型和方法做客观的评价,为交通规划建模提供规范化的技术指导。最后,讨论了交通规划和GIS软件在实际应用中常常被忽略的一些技术问题。

关键词:交通规划; 交通需求模型; 地理信息系统

中图分类号:U491.1+2

文献标识码:A

 

A Discussion on Urban Transportation Models in China and the U.S.

Yang Qi1, Howard Slavin1 and Shen Qing2
(1. Caliper Corporation, Suite 300, 1172 Beacon St, Newton, MA 02461, USA.; 2. School of Architecture, Planning, and Preservation, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA)

Abstract: Based on a comparison of  the status and developments of urban transportation modeling both in the U.S. and China, the authors share insights about, and provide suggestions for future development of urban transportation modeling in China.  First, the paper reviews the U.S. experience in applications of travel demand models, identifies the characteristics of urban transportation problems in China, and analyzes its comparative advantages in model adaptation and data collection.  The authors emphasize the importance for Chinese transportation modelers to explore new approaches rather than simply following common practices in the U.S.  Next, the authors argue that R&D for urban transportation modeling should aim at not only improving forecasting accuracy, but also strengthening policy analysis and evaluation capacity.  An urgent task for China's newly established Ministry of Transportation is to assemble a team of experts to assess the various transportation modeling methods and software tools, and provide guidelines for local agencies.  Finally, the authors discussed some technical issues in the applications of transportation models and GIS packages.

Keywords: transportation planning; travel demand model; GIS