文章编号：1672-5328（2007）05-0081-06

冯浚^1,2 徐康明³
（1.长安大学快速公交研究中心，西安 710064； 2.宇恒可持续交通研究中心，北京 100004； 3.3E交通系统，迈阿密 FL33029）

摘要：快速公交系统的通行能力是由瓶颈车站决定的。首先分析了车站通行能力的基本原理和主要影响因素，并基于排队论构造了单一停靠位通行能力的计算模型。同时，根据北京、杭州和昆明三地快速公交系统（公交专用道）的实际运营状况对模型参数进行了详细地标定和说明，提出缩短公交车平均停靠时间和改善系统运营稳定性是提升通行能力的重要途径。在此基础上，以北京市南中轴路快速公交为例，说明了模型的应用方法，并定量分析了各种因素对通行能力的影响。最后，对多停靠位车站的周转效率变化规律进行了分析，提出了其通行能力的计算方法。

关键词：快速公交；通行能力；服务水平；排队论

中图分类号：U491

文献标识码：A

A Computational Method to Determine the Capacity of BRT Systems

FENG Jun^1,2 and XU Kangming³
(1.BRT Research Center, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064; 2.China Sustainable Transportation Center, Beijing 100004; 3.3E Transportation System, Miami FL33029)

Abstract: The Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) capacity is determined by its bottleneck stations. Firstly, this paper analyzes the basic principles of the capacity for a typical BRT station and main influencing factors, and formulates the computing model of the station capacity based on the queuing theory. In addition, the paper specifies in detail how to calibrate model parameters based on the actual operation status of BRT systems(exclusive bus lanes) in Beijing, Hangzhou and Kunming, and points out that there are two important approaches to improving BRT capacity: (a) reducing the average BRT dwelling time at critical stations, and (b) improving reliability of the BRT operation. Taking Beijing South-Centrial Corridor BRT System as an example, the paper demonstrates how to apply the model to quantitatively analyzing the impacts of various factors on the BRT capacity. Finally, through a brief analysis on change patterns of the turn-over efficiency of stations with multi standing spaces, the method for calculating the BRT capacity is put forward.

Keywords: Bus Rapid Transit; capacity; Level of Service; Queuing Theory