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《城市交通》杂志
2006年 第1期
模拟早晚高峰交通出行率的方法研究
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文章编号:1672-5328(2006)01-0064-04

黎晴1 张小宁2
(1. 中国城市规划设计研究院,北京100044;2. 同济大学教育部道路与交通工程重点实验室,上海 200092)

摘要:为了实时模拟交通走廊在一天内的动态交通变化,提出了一种基于交通行为的动态交通分配方法。假定单个的出行者统筹考虑工作时间表、交通拥挤耗时等因素,通过选择最佳的离家时间和返家时间以最大化一天内的净效用。引入边际时间效率函数,通过出行者工作持续时间把早晚高峰出行联系在一起,并运用固定点理论求解均衡条件下的实时交通变化。将模型在一个算例上进行仿真分析,发现引入弹性工作制可以减少交通拥挤,并提高工作效率。

关键词:早晚高峰;出行链;工作时间表;瓶颈

中图分类号:U491

文献标识码:A

 

Modeling Departure Rates of Morning and Evening Rush Hours

LI Qing1, ZHANG Xiaoning2
(1. China Academy of Urban Planning and Design, Beijing 100044, China; 2. The Key Lab of Road and Traffic Engineering at Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)

Abstract: To obtain the daily dynamic traffic pattern in traffic corridors, a traffic behavior based dynamic traffic assignment method is pro-posed in this paper. Individual travelers choose optimal departure times in morning and evening rush hours to maximize the daily net benefit, con-sidering work schedule, traffic time and travel cost etc. By introducing marginal timing utility function, the morning and evening trips are con-nected through work duration. And the equilibri-um traffic pattern is solved by fixed-point method. The models are implemented by numeri-cal simulation on a simple network. It is found that traffic congestion can be alleviated, and work efficiency can be enhanced, by introducing flexible work system.

Keywords: morning-evening rush hours; trip chain; work schedule; bottleneck