文章编号：1672-5328（2013）04-0006-07

秦国栋，苗彦英，张素燕
（中国城市规划设计研究院，北京 100037）

摘要：首先回顾有轨电车的起源、发展和衰落历程，总结世界各国对有轨电车进行现代化改造的两种做法：针对路权和车辆、仅改造车辆。在此基础上，明确有轨电车的概念，从线路、车站、车辆、信号、运营五个方面详细阐述其技术特征，指出在有轨电车规划建设过程中，应充分认识其运营特点，不能过高估计其客运能力。最后指出，要冷静而理性地思考中国当前有轨电车规划建设热潮，并在有轨电车名称的规范、适用范围、建设标准、对道路交通的影响等方面进行了深度的思考。

关键词：城市轨道交通；有轨电车；技术特征；现代化改造；混合路权；专用路权；低地板车辆

中图分类号：U482.1

文献标识码：A

A Review on Streetcar Development

Qin Guodong, Miao Yanying, Zhang Suyan
(China Academy of Urban Planning & Design, Beijing 100037, China)

Abstract：The streetcar transport has experienced its gloria growth and rough decline history.  By reviewing the streetcar renovation development in different countries around the world, this paper summarizes two major modernizing strategies: right-of-way allocation and vehicle upgrades, or vehicle upgrades only. The paper introduces the concept of streetcar transport and discusses the technology characteristics of streetcar in several aspects: route, stops, vehicle, signal, and operation.  The capacity of streetcar should not be overestimated in planning and construction due to its operational characteristics. Finally, the paper points out that it is necessary to contemplate streetcar planning and construction in China, and explores the key issues of streetcar such as standardized name, applicability, construction standard, and the impact on road traffic.

Keywords：urban rail transit; streetcar; technology characteristics; modernization; non-exclusive right-of-way; exclusive right-of-way; low-floor vehicles