文章编号：1672-5328（2012）04-0079-12

Laurent Van Malderen¹, Bart Jourquin¹, Isabelle Thomas², Thomas Vanoutrive³, Ann Verhetsel³, Frank Witlox⁴　著，张　宇⁵　译
（1. 天主教鲁汶大学鲁汶管理学院，比利时 蒙斯市 151B-7000；2. 天主教鲁汶大学运筹学与计量经济学中心及地理学院，比利时 新鲁汶 34B-1348；3. 安特卫普大学交通与区域经济系，比利时 安特卫普 13B-2000；4. 根特大学地理系，比利时 根特 25B-9000；5.中国城市规划设计研究院，北京 100037）

摘要：公司是通勤交通的主要创造者，在与交通相关的讨论中，公司扮演着重要角色。近几年，公司提出了多种政策措施，以改善员工的出行条件，但其愿景与行动通常被研究文献所忽视。为了讨论比利时公司在交通政策方面的最佳实践，分析了现有研究成果和比利时的两次大规模通勤交通调查。首先，对公司进行分类，以便确定在推广替代交通方式方面受员工欢迎的公司。然后，通过量化分析确定交通政策的最佳实践。结果显示，最佳替代交通方式取决于公司特征；自行车交通最适合小型工作场所，大型工作场所和位于建筑密集区或市中心的公司则更适合推广公共交通；在公司交通管理中，财务激励、设施提供、信息传播和停车管理均起重要作用。

关键词：通勤交通；雇主交通计划；可持续交通

中图分类号：U491

文献标识码：A

On the Mobility Policies of Companies: What are the Good Practices? The Belgian Case

Written by Laurent Van Malderen¹, Bart Jourquin¹, Isabelle Thomas², Thomas Vanoutrive³, Ann Verhetsel³, Frank Witlox⁴, Translated by Zhang Yu⁵
(1. Louvain School of Management, Universite´ catholique de Louvain, Chausse´e de Binche,151 B-7000 Mons, Belgium; 2. Centre for Operations Research and Econometrics, and School of Geography, Universite´ catholique de Louvain, 34 B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; 3. Department of Transport and Regional Economics, University of Antwerp, 13 B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium；4. Department of Geography, Ghent University, 25 B-9000 Ghent, Belgium；5. China Academy of Urban Planning & Design, Beijing 100037, China)

Abstract：Companies play an important role in the mobility debate as they can be considered as the primary ‘creators’ of commuting traffic. In recent years, companies have developed a variety of initiatives to improve the mobility of their employees, although their visions and actions are often neglected in the research literature. This paper aims at identifying the good practice in mobility policies of workplaces located in Belgium. To achieve this objective, existing research and two large-scale Belgian surveys of commuting are analysed. First, workplaces are clustered in order to identify those where the alternative modes of transport which are promoted by the policy are popular among employees. Then, quantitative analyses are performed to find out what are the good practices of mobility policies. The results show that the best way of promoting an alternative mode of transport depends on company’s characteristics. The promotion of bicycles is most appropriate for small workplaces, while larger workplaces and those located in built-up areas or city centres are more suitable for the promotion of public transport. Financial incentives, provision of facilities, diffusion of information and parking management all play an important role in mobility management.

Keywords：commuting; employer transport plan; sustainable commuting