文章编号：1672-5328（2011）06-0056-09

沈　畅
（辟途威交通科技（上海）有限公司，上海 200010）

摘要：由于城市交通和高速公路交通越来越拥堵，通常会考虑引入各种收费措施调节交通需求和路径选择。为评估收费措施对出行行为的影响，在说明相关概念的基础上，利用一个简单的示例，系统地介绍了VISUM中考虑个体机动交通收费的三种措施——基于路段、基于区域以及基于矩阵的收费对交通分配的影响，并给出了各措施采用的分配方法和工作流程。最后，通过实验比较了收费措施实施前后路径流量分布变化情况。

关键词：交通需求管理；个体机动交通；VISUM；基于路段收费；基于区域收费；基于矩阵收费

中图分类号：U491.1⁺2

文献标识码：A

Implementation of Private Transport Toll Measures in VISUM

SHEN Chang
(PTV Traffic Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200010, China)

Abstract：As urban streets and freeways get more and more congested, various road pricing measures are being considered as a way to manage travel demand and route choice. In order to assess the toll impact on travel behavior, this paper first illustrates the related concepts, then based on a simple example introduces how to use three types of Private Transport (PrT) toll measures--link toll, area toll, and matrix toll--in VISUM to gauge the PrT toll effectiveness in traffic distribution. The paper also presents the distribution methods and procedures of the toll measures. The results of scenarios with and without the toll measures is compared through an example.

Keywords：traffic demand management; PrT toll; VISUM; link toll; area toll; matrix toll