文章编号： 1672-5328（2022）06-0083-09

冉江宇，赵一新，王森，廖璟瑒，张凌波
(中国城市规划设计研究院，北京100037)

摘要： 为客观评估中国主要城市充电基础设施配置状态，以充电基础设施平台中的电动汽车公用桩 为研究对象，选择全国25 座主要城市的中心城区建成区为分析场景，从规模、布局、结构、效能 等角度构建公用桩配置评估指标体系。通过个案差异化比较和共性特征提取，发现不同城市中心城 区公用桩密度差异大、覆盖盲区欠精准、运营效能总体偏低等问题；南北方城市、不同建筑业态周 边的公用桩配置及效能存在显著差别。以现状问题为导向，提出须重构专项规划体系以加强协同管 控、完善政策标准配套支撑、更新老旧小区等存量空间的充电桩供给模式等改善对策。

关键词： 电动汽车；公用桩；评估指标；运营效能；协同管控；供给模式

中图分类号： U491.1+7

文献标识码：A

Issues and Strategies for Allocation of Public Electric Vehicle Charging Piles: Discussion from the 2021 Monitoring Report on Charging Infrastructure in Major Cities in China

RAN Jiangyu, ZHAO Yixin,WANG Sen, LIAO Jingyang, ZHANG Lingbo
(China Academy of Urban Planning & Design, Beijing 100037, China)

Abstract： To objectively evaluate the allocation of charging infrastructure in major Chinese cities, this paper presents a study on public electric vehicle charging piles on the charging infrastructure platform. The built-up central urban areas of 25 major cities across the country are analyzed, and an evaluation indicator system is developed to include scale, layout, structure, and efficiency of public charging piles. By comparing individual cases and common features, the paper concludes that central urban areas in different cities are experiencing issues with varied density of public charging piles, less accurate dead zone coverage, and generally low operational efficiency. Moreover, the allocation and efficiency of public charging piles also vary significantly around different building structures in southern and northern cities. To address such issues, the paper proposes a range of improvement measures, such as restructuring the special planning system to enhance coordinated control, improving the support of policies and standards, and upgrading the supply mode of public charging piles in old residential communities and other stock spaces.

Keywords： electric vehicles; public charging piles; evaluation indicators; operational efficiency; coordinated control; supply mode