文章编号：1672-5328（2008）06-0092-05

杨  柳    关宏志
（北京工业大学北京市交通工程重点实验室，北京 100124）

摘要：针对超长公交线路在运营中出现的问题，以合理化调整公交线网为目的，通过对公交运营指标的分析，研究超长公交线路的拆分方法。在运营指标的选取中，主要考虑了线路长度、平均运距和满载率等因素与客流均衡性的关系。在高峰时段线路满载运营的假设条件下对这些关系进行了分析，进而提出计算线路拆分后合理长度的迭代算法。针对实际线网中常见的3种线路形态分别提出了拆分策略。选取北京市对应于各线路形态的3条超长线路进行实例分析，分析和计算结果与线路实际调整后的运营表现基本一致。结果证明调整后线路的长度直接受到原线路满载率和断面不均衡系数的影响。

关键词：交通规划；公共交通；运营指标；线路长度；公交线路调整

中图分类号：U491.1+7

文献标识码：A

An Approach to Splitting Long Bus Lines Based on Operation Indices

Yang Liu and Guan Hongzhi
(Beijing Key Laboratory of Traffic Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China)

Abstract：Facing operational problems of long bus lines, this paper, with the purpose to adjust bus network reasonably, and based on an analysis of operation indices, conducts a research on the approach to splitting long bus lines. The relationship between equilibrium of passenger flow and some factors, such as the length of routes, average travelling distance and load ratio, are considered in the selection of operation indices. Under the assumption of buses operating at full capacity in rush hours, the paper analyzes these relationships, followed by an algorithm to calculate the rational route length of the split lines. Then the method for splitting bus lines is proposed, corresponding to three typical routes in bus operation. The consistency between analysis results and operation performance of split lines is illustrated by a case study in three selected long bus lines corresponding to the three typical routes in Beijing. The results show that the length of adjusted lines is directly affected by load ratio and non-equilibrium factors within segments of the original lines.

Keywords：transportation planning; transit; operation indices; route length; adjustment for bus lines