文章编号： 1672-5328（2025）04-0080-12

孙莹1，李向锋1，贾巍杨2，孙至喆3
(1. 东南大学建筑学院，江苏南京210000；2. 天津大学建筑学院，天津300000；3. 湖南大学建筑与规划学院， 湖南长沙410000)

摘要： 作为现代化交通体系的核心载体，地铁车站无障碍服务效能直接关系社会公平与城市治理水 平。基于包容性发展理念构建地铁车站无障碍服务评价体系，采用组合赋权法确定指标权重，并系 统分析地铁车站无障碍服务的关键影响因素。通过专家咨询法进行重要性评价，运用模糊理论中的 梯形模糊数计算评价指标主观权重；通过残障人士对地铁车站无障碍满意度评价，运用熵值法计算 评价指标客观权重，再利用线性加权方法得到组合权重，并给出无障碍服务综合评价标准。选取北 京市地铁西直门站作为评价对象，对车站无障碍服务现状进行主客观评价，结合评价指标权重分析 发现，该车站无障碍系统存在跨区域无障碍服务不连续、无障碍服务群体覆盖范围不全面、无障碍 服务响应不及时等问题。针对这些问题提出优化策略，推动城市公共交通服务从基础保障向品质化 服务转型，助力实现可持续发展目标中的包容性城市愿景。

关键词： 地铁车站；无障碍环境；无障碍服务；组合赋权法；优化策略

中图分类号： U491

文献标识码：A

Evaluation and Optimization Strategies for Accessibility Services in Subway Stations

SUN Ying1, LI Xiangfeng1, JIAWeiyang2, SUN Zhizhe3
(1. School of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing Jiangsu 210000, China; 2. School of Architecture, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300000, China; 3. School of Architecture and Planning, Hunan University, Changsha Hunan 410000, China)

Abstract： As a core component of modern transportation systems, the effectiveness of accessibility services in subway stations is closely related to social equity and the quality of urban governance. Based on the concept of inclusive development, this paper constructs an evaluation framework for accessibility services in subway stations. A combined weighting method is applied to determine indicator weights and key factors influencing accessibility services are analyzed. Expert consultation is used to assess the importance of each indicator, with subjective weights calculated using trapezoidal fuzzy numbers from the fuzzy theory. Objective weights are also derived using the entropy method based on satisfaction surveys conducted among persons with disabilities. The final combined weights are obtained through linear weighting, forming a comprehensive evaluation standard for accessibility services. Taking Xizhimen Station of Beijing's subway as an evaluation case study, the paper conducts both subjective and objective assessments of current accessibility services. Analysis of the indicator weights reveals several issues, including discontinuity in cross- regional accessibility services, insufficient coverage of user groups, and delayed service responsiveness. In response, the paper proposes targeted optimization strategies, aiming to advance the transition of urban public transportation from basic provision to high-quality services, and contribute to the realization of sustainable development goals on building inclusive urban environments.

Keywords： subway stations; accessible environment; accessibility services; combined weighting method; optimization strategies