文章编号： 1672-5328（2025）06-0088-09

王永清，曾丽榕，陈若薇，刘彦昌
(厦门市国土空间和交通研究中心(厦门规划展览馆)，福建厦门361012)

摘要： 集装箱卡车(以下简称“集卡车”)停车难是集装箱港口普遍面临的问题，但是其停车需求分 类及测算方法并无统一的行业标准，各港口城市实际操作中也存在较大差异。基于车辆作业流程， 从源头查找集卡车产生停车需求的环节，并根据车辆作业特征摸清各环节的停车特征，继而找出停 车需求的测算方法。集装箱港口产生三类停车需求：日间营运环节车辆进入堆场、码头前因查验、 核对单据产生的短时停车需求；日间营运环节车辆因前单结束、后单尚未启动而等待货源产生的停 车需求；夜间休息环节因驾驶人休息、车辆停止作业而产生的停车需求。其中，第一类为配建停车 场，通过确定配建指标控制其需求规模；第二类为公共停车场，基于集疏运需求逻辑推算法确定其 需求规模；第三类也属于公共停车场且易被忽视，可根据车辆规模及夜间停车比例确定其需求规 模。研究结果显示，厦门港码头的集卡车停车位配建标准宜为0.4 个·万TEU-1，港外空箱堆场的集 卡车停车位配建标准为3.87~6.19 个·hm-2，夜间停车需求是日间的1.4 倍。经检验，该计算流程可为 港口城市的集卡车停车场规划提供更为精确的参考和借鉴。

关键词： 静态交通治理；集装箱港口；集装箱卡车；停车需求；车辆作业流程；需求测算方法；厦 门港

中图分类号： U491

文献标识码：A

Container Truck Parking Demand in Container Ports Based on Vehicle Operation Processes: A Case Study of Xiamen Port

WANG Yongqing, ZENG Lirong, CHEN Ruowei, LIU Yanchang
(Xiamen Land Space and Transport Research Center (Xiamen Planning Exhibition Hall), Xiamen Fujian 361012, China)

Abstract： The shortage of parking spaces for container trucks is a common issue in container ports. However, there is no unified industry standard for categorizing or calculating parking demand, and significant variation exists in operational practices across port cities. Based on a vehicle operation process-based approach, this paper investigates the specific stages and sources that generate parking demand; characterizes parking patterns at each operational stage according to vehicle activity features; and subsequently develops a method for parking demand estimation. Three types of parking demand are identified in container ports: (1) short-term parking during daytime operations before entering into container yards or terminals for inspections and documentation checks; (2) idle- time parking during daytime operations when trucks await cargo loading after completing one job and before commencing the next; and (3) overnight parking for hoteling when drivers are off-duty and trucks are not in operation. The first type is addressed through on-site ancillary parking facilities, with demand size controlled via confirming allocation standards; the second and third types correspond to public parking needs, with the former calculated using a demand logic-based estimation method and the latter—often overlooked—determined by truck fleet size and nighttime parking ratios. For Xiamen Port, the results suggest optimal parking facility standards of 0.4 spaces per 10,000 TEUs at terminals and 3.87 to 6.19 spaces per hectare at off-dock empty container yards. Nighttime parking demand is approximately 1.4 times higher than daytime demand. Upon verification, the proposed calculation framework offers a more precise and practical reference for planning container truck parking facilities in port cities.

Keywords： static traffic management; container ports; container trucks; parking demand; vehicle operation process; demand estimation method; Xiamen Port