文章编号： 1672-5328（2015）01-0001-06

易汉文
(美国加州交通部，加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥CA92110)

摘要： 基于对中美城市交通的观察和思考，阐述不同的城市用地模式决定了不同的大众出行方式选 择。借鉴美国的经验与教训，结合中国城市现状和发展需要，寻求缓解城市交通拥堵的方法与措 施。指出中国大城市，特别是特大和超大城市，应重视公共交通系统的结构调整和完善。一是继续 大力发展具有较高机动性和大运量的高铁、地铁和轻轨系统，构筑城际直达以及沿主要交通走廊布 线的轨道交通网络层次；二是在此基础上，梳理地面巴士系统，使之定位于满足可达性需求的支线 集散网络层次。最后，还探讨了其他一些相关措施，以减少低速、低效出行，做好综合治理城市交 通的“加法”与“减法”。

关键词： 城市交通；综合治理；交通拥堵；用地模式；公共交通；小汽车

中图分类号： U491

文献标识码：A

Adding Up & Cutting Down: An Observation of Urban Traffic Mitigation in Both China and America

Yi Hanwen
(California Department of Transportation, San Diego CA 92110, USA)

Abstract： First, this paper discusses why there exist differences between China and America in land-use patterns, and as a result, why the two nations choose different modes for their daily travel activities. Given these differences, the paper explores various strategies and approaches to mitigate traffic congestions, so as to accommodate rapid developments in greater metropolitan areas in China, like Wuhan, a big town by Yangzi River in Hubei province. The paper then suggests that the structure of transit systems in large or super cities in China should be upgraded, with an emphasis on building a rail transit system that consists of high-speed-rails, subways, and light-railways, and that directly connects urban cores or runs along major corridors, and importantly, features competitive mobility and high capacity. On the other hand, the surface bus system should be restructured to serve only as a collecting network that provides access to the above rail transit system. The paper concludes that substantial improvements in urban comprehensive transportation management can be achieved through a serious of alternatives from adding up transit mobility/capacity to cutting down low-speed-low-efficiency traffic.

Keywords： urban transportation; comprehensive management; traffic congestion; land-use patterns; transit system; passenger cars