文章编号： 1672-5328（2017）02-0060-07

葛王琦
(上海市城乡建设和交通发展研究院，上海200040)

摘要： 出租汽车是上海市客运交通体系的重要组成部分，对其进行定期的跟踪评估有利于提高行业 运行效率，完善相关政策。通过对上海市3 万余辆出租汽车、390 余万条出租汽车GPS行程数据的 分析研究，并结合历年交通调查数据，从出租汽车的行程分布、里程利用率、服务时间分布和空间 差异性分布等方面，分析了上海市出租汽车的基本特征和变化趋势。在此基础上，对上海市出租汽 车管理提出发展建议：坚持公交优先，考虑多样化的乘客需求，提高出租汽车行业绿色发展水平。

关键词： 出租汽车；运行特征；公共政策；大数据；上海市

中图分类号： U491

文献标识码：A

Taxi Operational Characteristics and Development Policy in Shanghai

GeWangqi
(Shanghai Urban- Rural Construction and Transportation Development Research Institute, Shanghai 200040, China)

Abstract： As a key component serving the urban transportation passenger system in Shanghai, a periodical evaluation on the taxi market is helpful to improve both system and policies efficiency. Taking Shanghai taxi as an example, this paper investigates over 3.9 million GPS records collected from 30 000 taxis and historic traffic survey data. Some critical operational characteristics, such as trip distribution, loaded mileage ratio, and temporal and spatial differences of service, are summarized to propose the policy suggestions for better development of Shanghai taxi. Those suggestions include high priority of public transportation, improvement of service in response to various travel demand patterns, and improvement of the sustainable development of taxi market.

Keywords： taxi; operational characteristics; public policy; big data; Shanghai