文章编号： 1672-5328（2019）03-0105-06

伍速锋1，吴克寒1，王芮1，徐天东2, 3
(1.中国城市规划设计研究院，北京100037；2.上海海事大学，上海201306；3.佛罗里达大学，美国佛罗里达州 盖恩斯维尔32611-5706)

摘要： 有关城市规模与交通拥堵关系的研究主要基于实证，缺少对其背后作用机理的研究。利用复 杂系统理论中的规模法则概念研究城市规模和交通拥堵的关系，发现如下规律：城市规模越大越容 易拥堵；城市规模越大产出越高。运用规模法则可以增强对城市的理解并提出合理化管理措施，包 括：1)城市规模应与交通承载力相协调；2)不同规模城市之间不能简单比较交通拥堵水平；3)享受 大城市经济便利性的同时，也需要承担更多的交通成本。结果表明，规模法则对于剖析交通供需失 衡有很强的解释力，可以为城市交通规划和交通治理提供理论支撑。

关键词： 城市交通；交通拥堵；规模法则

中图分类号： U491

文献标识码：A

Relationship Between Urban Scale and Traffic Congestion Based on the Scaling Laws

Wu Sufeng1,Wu Kehan1,Wang Rui1, Xu Tiandong2, 3
(1.China Academy of Urban Planning & Design, Beijing 100037, China; 2.Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China; 3.University of Florida, Gainesville Florida 32611-5706, US)

Abstract： Researches on the relationship between urban scale and traffic congestion are mainly based on empirical study but ignore the mechanism behind it. This paper discusses the relationship between urban scale and traffic congestion using the scaling laws in complex system theory. The results show that the larger the city is, the easier congestion happens; the larger the city is, the higher it outputs. The use of scaling laws can enhance the understanding of the city and propose rational management measures, including: 1) city scale should be coordinated with traffic capacity; 2) the level of traffic congestion in cities with different scales cannot be compared directly; 3) people who enjoy convenience in big cities need to pay more traffic costs. The results show that the scaling laws can effectively explain the imbalance between traffic supply and demand and provide theoretical support for urban transportation planning and traffic management.

Keywords： urban transportation; traffic congestion; scaling laws