文章编号：1672-5328（2011）04-0061-05

唐威
（同济大学交通运输工程学院，上海201804）

摘要：考虑尾气排放的道路收费是将道路使用外部性内部化的重要手段，有利于减少环境污染、实现社会效益的最大化。介绍了过去30年里相关理论的经济学基础、产生背景以及发展情况，指出由于相关技术和出行者认识有限，具体实施还存在一定难度。综述了尾气排放量的测算方法、收费模型建立以及收费对汽车尾气排放的影响评估，分析了其优缺点和适用范围。最后指出目前研究的不足和改进方向。

关键词：交通经济；道路收费；尾气排放；外部性；社会效益

中图分类号：U491

文献标识码：A

Road Pricing based on Vehicle Emissions

TANG Wei
(School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China)

Abstract：Considering vehicle emission in road pricing is one of most important measures for road network management, which helps to reduce air pollution and maximize the social benefits. By introducing economics foundation, background, and development of the relevant theory in the past 30 years, this paper points out that it is difficult to implement road pricing on traffic emission due to the limitation of relevant technology and people awareness. The paper reviews advantages/disadvantages and applicability of relevant theory in three aspects: estimating methodology for traffic emissions, road pricing model, and impact assessment of road pricing on traffic emissions. Finally, the paper outlines the deficiencies of existing research and improving directions.

Keywords：transportation economics; road pricing; vehicle emissions; externality; social benefits